Abstract:Currently,the application of big data and omics databases has become crucial for enhancing sheep reproductive performance in industry development.The Growth Differentiation Factor 9(GDF9) gene plays a vital role in follicular development,ovulation rate,and lambing number,serving as one of the major genes determining sheep prolificacy.Although some key mutation sites are associated with lambing numbers,identifying all potential genetic variations of GDF9 in sheep remains unresolved.In recent years,Prof.Jiang Yu’s team at Northwest A&F University developed the Agricultural Animal Omics Database(AAOD),which integrates global public data and high-depth genomic information from Chinese indigenous sheep breeds.This database contains genetic variants(SNPs and InDels),epigenetic markers,and phenotype association data across over 50 breeds,with monthly updates.Based on AAOD,this study aimed to mine GDF9 gene variants in sheep and systematically investigate its molecular structure,expression patterns,enrichment analysis,and novel fertility-related mutations.These findings will identify novel potential functional sites of GDF9 in sheep reproduction,providing new targets for gene editing technologies and establishing a theoretical foundation for genetic improvement strategies to enhance sheep reproductive efficiency.

Abstract:With the rapid development of the sheep farming industry, enhancing the reproductive performance of sheep has become one of the key factors in addressing the increasing demand for meat production.The sheep growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) gene, as one of the important genes regulating multiparity, plays a crucial role in follicle development, ovulation rate, and lambing rate, and it has high conservation among other species;Partial important single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion deletion mutations (InDels) of this gene have been identified,Among them, mutation sites such as FecGH, FecGT, and FecGV are related to litter size, providing new possibilities for gene editing technology to improve sheep fertility.Therefore, this study is based on the Animal Omics Database (AAOD) database developed by Jiang Yu"s team from the School of Animal Science and Technology at Northwest A F University, to explore the genetic variations of the sheep GDF9 gene,and it is expected to further analyze the molecular structure, expression pattern, enrichment analysis, and explore new mutation sites related to reproductive ability of GDF9 gene, as well as its potential role in sheep reproductive ability.These results provide a theoretical basis and strategy for genetic improvement to improve sheep reproductive capacity, and offer a new perspective for the study of livestock reproductive capacity.

Abstract:Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) gene family plays a key role in a variety of biological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix synthesis and deposition. To investigate the expression of TGF-β gene family in donkeys, we performed a systematic survey of the donkey TGF-β gene family, including gene identification, expression analysis, and discussion of their functional and evolutionary relationships. The members of the donkey TGF-β gene family were identified using the HMMER software package and BLAST tools, and their sequences were analyzed in depth in combination with a variety of bioinformatics tools. Furthermore, the expression patterns of this gene family in different tissues were analyzed using transcriptome data. The results showed that the TGF-β gene family consisted of 33 members, encoding proteins with amino acids ranging from 153 to 507 aa, molecular weights ranging from 16.19 to 55.67 kDa, and isoelectric point distributions ranging from 4.84 to 11.66. All members were hydrophilic proteins. Protein secondary structure prediction showed that the secondary structure of TGF-β gene family members was dominated by random coil, followed by α-helix, and finally β-fold. The results of subcellular localization showed that 31 members were located in the extracellular matrix, BMP2 was located in the endoplasmic reticulum, BMP10 was located in the plasma membrane, and BMP7 was located in the mitochondria. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the TGF-β gene family was divided into two subclasses, in which the donkey and human gene family members were clustered separately, indicating a close evolutionary relationship. The transcriptome data further showed that most TGF-β gene family members were expressed in 13 tissues of the adult donkey, with the NODAL gene showing high expression levels in all tissues. These results lay a foundation for further understanding the biological functions of TGF-β gene family in donkeys.

Abstract:Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) gene family plays a key role in a variety of biological processes such as cell growth,differentiation,apoptosis,and extracellular matrix synthesis and deposition.To investigate the expression of TGF-β gene family in donkeys,we performed a systematic survey of the donkey TGF-β gene family,including gene identification,expression analysis,and discussion of their functional and evolutionary relationships.The members of the donkey TGF-β gene family were identified using the HMMER software package and BLAST tools,and the sequences were analyzed in depth in combination with a variety of bioinformatics tools.Furthermore,the expression patterns of this gene family in different tissues were analyzed using transcriptome data.The results showed that the TGF-β gene family consisted of 33 members,encoding proteins with amino acids ranging from 153 to 507 aa,molecular weights ranging from 16.19 to 55.67 kD,and isoelectric point distributions ranging from 4.84 to 11.66.All members were hydrophilic proteins.Protein secondary structure prediction showed that the secondary structure of TGF-β gene family members was dominated by random coil,followed by α-helix,and finally β-fold.The results of subcellular localization showed that 31 members were located in the extracellular matrix,BMP2 was located in the endoplasmic reticulum,BMP10 was located in the plasma membrane,and BMP7 was located in the mitochondria.Phylogenetic analysis showed that the TGF-β gene family was divided into two subclasses,in which the donkey and human gene family members were clustered separately,indicating a close evolutionary relationship.The transcriptome data further showed that most TGF-β gene family members were expressed in 13 tissues of the adult donkey,with the NODAL gene showing high expression levels in all tissues.These results lay a foundation for further understanding the biological functions of TGF-β gene family in donkeys.

Abstract:The LCORLgene is an important gene that influences the growth rate and body size of sheep.Constructing a comprehensive genetic variation map of this gene will help systematically assess its correlation with sheep growth traits and identify growth-related variation sites.However,no study has systematically screened the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of this gene in different sheep breeds.In this study,based on whole-genome resequencing data from 1 615 sheep across 27 domestic and international breeds,4 777 high-confidence SNPs were identified,including 16 mutations in coding regions,with 10 missense mutations and 6 synonymous mutations.Additionally,this study found that one missense mutation(g.38075364G>A) is under selection in large-bodied Dorper sheep,suggesting that this site may be related to sheep growth traits.This study constructed a genetic variation map of the LCORL gene in sheep,providing valuable resources for exploring mutations and genetic markers related to sheep growth traits.

Abstract:The LCORL gene is an important gene that influences the growth rate and body size of sheep. Constructing a comprehensive genetic variation map of this gene will help systematically assess its correlation with sheep growth traits and identify growth-related variation sites. However, no study has systematically screened the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of this gene in different sheep breeds. In this study, based on whole-genome resequencing data from 1,615 sheep across 27 domestic and international breeds, 4,777 high-confidence SNPs were identified, including 16 mutations in coding regions, with 10 missense mutations and 6 synonymous mutations. Additionally, this study found that one missense mutation (g.38075364G>A) is under selection in large-bodied Dorper sheep, suggesting that this site may be related to sheep growth traits. This study constructed a genetic variation map of the LCORL gene in sheep, providing valuable resources for exploring mutations and genetic markers related to sheep growth traits.

Abstract:The study aimed to assess the influence of planting densities on silage corn yield,agronomic traits,and nutritional quality indicators in the Jiuquan region,with the objective of determining the optimal planting density for silage corn varieties in this area.The Dajingjiu 26 variety was selected as the experimental subject,and three distinct planting densities were implemented:6.75×10⁴ plants/hm²(low),8.25×10⁴ plants/hm²(medium),and 9.75×10⁴ plants/hm²(high).Measurements were conducted at half maturity when the milky line of the corn kernel reached its midpoint.The findings revealed a positive correlation between corn silage yield and increased planting density,reaching its zenith at a density of 9.75×10⁴ plants/hm².High-density cultivation resulted in a notable increase in dry grass yield by 6.5% compared to medium density and an impressive surge of 24.5% compared to low density.Plant height and ear position exhibited incremental growth with higher planting densities while stem diameter decreased proportionally alongside reduced leaf retention rate.Furthermore,there was a significant reduction in crude protein content with escalating planting density(P<0.05).Conversely,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content demonstrated an upward trend as planting density increased;high-density cultivation led to an increase of 2.2%-7.7% and 3.6%-14.9%,respectively,compared to medium-or low-density cultivation.Considering all pertinent indicators encompassing biological yield,agronomic traits,and quality attributes collectively suggests that Dajingjiu 26 is best suited for cultivation at a density of 8.25×10⁴ plants/hm² in the Jiuquan region.

Abstract:The study aimed to assess the influence of varying planting densities on the agronomic traits, biological yield, and nutritional quality indicators of corn silage in the Jiuquan region, with the objective of determining the optimal planting density for corn silage varieties in this area. The Dajingjiu 26 variety was selected as the experimental subject, and three distinct planting densities were implemented: 6.75×10₄ ^plants/hm₂ ^{(low), 8.25×10}₄ ^plants/hm₂ ^{(medium), and 9.75×10}₄ ^plants/hm₂⁽high). Measurements were conducted at half maturity when the milky line of the corn kernel reached its midpoint.The findings revealed a positive correlation between corn silage yield and increased planting density, reaching its zenith at a density of 9.75×10₄ ^plants/hm₂. High-density cultivation resulted in a notable increase in dry grass yield by 6.5% compared to medium density and an impressive surge of 24.5% compared to low density.Plant height and ear position exhibited incremental growth with higher planting densities while stem diameter decreased proportionally alongside reduced leaf retention rate.Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in crude protein content with escalating planting density (P<0.05). Conversely, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber content demonstrated an upward trend as planting density increased; high-density cultivation led to an increase of 2.2%-7.7% and 3.6%-14.9%, respectively, compared to medium- or low-density cultivation.Considering all pertinent indicators encompassing biological yield, agronomic traits, and quality attributes collectively suggests that Dajingjiu 26 is best suited for cultivation at a density of 8.25×10₄ ^plants/hm₂ ^{in the} Jiuquan region.

Abstract:Serum immunoglobulin (IgG) was measured after 48 hours of colostrum feeding. If it was more than 10mg/ml, it indicated that calves had better immunity. To investigate the effect of colostrum supply on passive immune transfer (TPI) in newborn calves, 72 newborn calves were selected to conduct a controlled feeding experiment with colostrum feeding time period, feeding amount, feeding mode and colostrum quality as variables, to analyze the effect of colostrum control supply on TPI acquisition in newborn calves. The results showed that, under the premise of feeding high quality colostrum, good IgG levels could be obtained at 1 ~ 2 h after calves were born, at 10% of calves" body weight colostrum, in pasteurized colostrum (LTLT) and in milk bottles, igG reached 13.53 mg/ml, 14.76 mg/ml, 20.39 mg/ml, 14.97 mg/ml respectively, all of which exceeded 10mg/ml. The IgG value reached 21.07 mg/ml after inputting the above four variables, which indicated that the control colostrum supply had a significant effect on TPI acquisition in newborn calves.

Abstract:Serum immunoglobulin(IgG) levels was measured after 48 h of colostrum feeding.If the IgG level was more than 10 mg/mL,it indicates that the calf has acquired better immunity.To investigate the effect of colostrum supply on passive immune transfer(TPI) in newborn calves,72 newborn calves were selected to conduct a controlled feeding experiment with colostrum feeding time period,feeding amount,feeding mode and colostrum quality as variables,to analyze the effect of colostrum control supply on TPI acquisition in newborn calves.The results showed that,under the premise of feeding highquality colostrum,good IgG levels could be obtained within 1-2 h after calves were born,at 10% of calves’ body weight colostrum,using pasteurized colostrum(LTLT),and feeding via a bottle can all result in better IgG levels,reaching 13.53,14.76,20.39 and 14.97 mg/mL respectively,all surpassing the threshold of 10 mg/mL.The IgG value reached 21.07 mg/mL after inputting the above four variables,which indicated that the control colostrum supply had a significant effect on TPI acquisition in newborn calves.

Abstract:To investigate the differences in slaughter performance among different crossbred progenies of Kazakh sheep and Texel sheep,this study selected Kazakh sheep from the Zhaosu Horse Farm in Xinjiang,including Texel×Kazakh F₁,Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F₂,and Texel×Kazakh backcross F₂,with 10 males and 10 females in each group.After slaughter,their slaughter performance was measured.The results showed that in terms of pre-slaughter live weight,Texel×Kazakh F₁>Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F₂>Texel×Kazakh backcross F₂>Kazakh sheep,with both male and female Texel×Kazakh F₁ being significantly higher than Kazakh sheep.The loin eye area of Texel×Kazakh F₁ rams was higher by 47.56% and 17.19% compared to Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F₂ and Kazakh sheep,respectively.Significant differences were observed in tail fat weight among all crossbreeding combinations,with both male and female Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F₂ having zero tail fat weight.There were significant differences among different crossbred Kazakh sheep combinations in terms of ewe loin eye width,backfat thickness,tail fat weight,and loin eye area.The loin eye area of Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F₂ ewes was significantly larger than that of Kazakh sheep,exceeding the latter by 22.98%,while the backfat thickness of Texel×Kazakh backcross F₂ was 71.61% higher than that of Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F₂.In summary,crossbreeding Texel sheep with Kazakh sheep can significantly improve muscle development and reduce fat deposition in the progeny.However,due to the weakening of traits such as muscle development and fat deposition during backcrossing,it is recommended to appropriately increase the proportion of Texel bloodline in the breeding process to achieve better improvement results.

Abstract:To investigate the differences in slaughter performance among different crossbred progenies of Kazakh sheep and Texel sheep, this study selected Kazakh sheep from the Zhaosu Horse Farm in Xinjiang, including Texel×Kazakh F1, Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F2, and Texel×Kazakh backcross F2, with 10 males and 10 females in each group. After slaughter, their slaughter performance was measured. The results showed that in terms of pre-slaughter live weight, Texel×Kazakh F1 > Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F2 > Texel×Kazakh backcross F2 > Kazakh sheep, with both male and female Texel×Kazakh F1 being significantly higher than Kazakh sheep. The loin eye area of Texel×Kazakh F1 rams was higher by 47.56% and 17.19% compared to Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F2 and Kazakh sheep, respectively. Significant differences were observed in tail fat weight among all crossbreeding combinations, with both male and female Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F2 having zero tail fat weight. There were significant differences among different crossbred Kazakh sheep combinations in terms of ewe loin eye width, backfat thickness, tail fat weight, and loin eye area. The loin eye area of Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F2 ewes was significantly larger than that of Kazakh sheep, exceeding the latter by 22.98%, while the backfat thickness of Texel×Kazakh backcross F2 was 71.61% higher than that of Texel×Kazakh progressive backcross F2. In summary, crossbreeding Texel sheep with Kazakh sheep can significantly improve muscle development and reduce fat deposition in the progeny. However, due to the weakening of traits such as muscle development and fat deposition during backcrossing, it is recommended to appropriately increase the proportion of Texel bloodline in the breeding process to achieve better improvement results.

Abstract:In order to further study the effect of in vitro embryo production and transplantation in Simmental cattle,and to effectively improve the efficiency of excellent core group of cows,and to quickly solve the problems of small number of excellent core breeding groups and insufficient supply of high-quality breeding sources.In provincial Simmental beef cattle breeding farm in Wuwei city,15 excellent core group donors aged 1-2 years were selected,and their oocytes extracted by ultrasound-guided follicle puncture(OPU) in different seasons.The oocytes were then subjected to in vitro fertilization(IVF),in vitro culture,and cryopreservation.The data at each stage were analyzed.The results showed that after optimization,the OPU-IVF process could collect average of 17.58 oocytes per donor,with a cleavage rate of 69.67% after in vitro fertilization,and aocyst rate of 36.19%.Each donor could produce an average of 3.75 OPU-IVF embryos,and the pregnancy rate after embryo transplantation was 53.37%.This study concluded that the success rate of in vitro embryo production and transplantation in Simmental cattle is affected by various,such as the age of the donor cows,nutritional status,hormone treatment plan,laboratory environmental conditions,in vitro culture,cryopreservation,and transplantation environment In Northwest China,the collection of oocytes from live Simmental cattle should be carried out in spring and autumn,with significantly better results than in winter(P<0.5),which may be related to the climate conditions and the physiological cycle of the beef cattle.

Abstract:The combination of live egg harvesting (OPU) and in vitro embryo production (IVP) technology can significantly improve the reproductive efficiency of cattle, which is of great significance for the expansion of the core population of beef cattle. In recent years, OPU/IVP technology has been rapidly promoted worldwide, gradually replacing in vivo embryo production technology. In vitro embryo production of beef cattle can not only produce a large number of high-quality embryos, but also significantly improve the dissemination efficiency of excellent genetic resources. Method: This experiment focuses on the application and analysis of OPU-IVF technology in the expansion of beef cattle core population. By screening 12 excellent donor cows of different age groups in the core population, ultrasound-guided follicular puncture (OPU) was performed three times in different seasons to extract oocytes. In vitro fertilization (IVF), in vitro culture, cryopreservation, and transplantation procedures were performed in a timely manner. The implementation of each stage was monitored and analyzed, and the application effect was statistically analyzed based on the statistical significance level of p<0.05. Result: The optimized OPU-IVF process can collect 17.6 eggs per head, achieve a cleavage rate of 69.6% and a blastocyst rate of 28.6% after in vitro fertilization, and obtain 3.5 OPU-IVF embryos per head; After embryo freezing and thawing, the pregnancy rate of transfer increased to 46%, which can effectively improve the reproductive efficiency of excellent core breeding cows and quickly solve problems such as a small number of excellent core breeding populations and insufficient supply of high-quality seed sources.

Abstract:The low reproductive rates and suboptimal breeding efficiency of meat-type sheep have become critical bottlenecks constraining the development of the mutton sheep industry.Ewe productivity is influenced by multiple factors,including genetic traits,management practices,and feed nutrition,among which precise nutritional regulation is particularly vital for enhancing reproductive efficiency.Leveraging the advantages of TMR(Total Mixed Ration) technology,this study conducted trials on phased precision feeding for crossbred ewes and early supplementary feeding for lambs at two large-scale sheep farms in Linxia county,Gansu province.The results showed that:compared to the control group,the experimental groups showed increases in estrus rate by 10.98%-19.51%(group Ⅱ:98%,P<0.01),conception rate by 11.43%-15.71%(group Ⅱ:92.86%,P<0.01),and lambing rate by 33.63%-62.18%(group Ⅱ:217%),with group Ⅱ exhibiting optimal comprehensive reproductive indicators.Lamb growth performance:After 50 days of continuous supplementary feeding(10~60 days of age),the daily weight gain of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ reached 0.25-0.26 kg/d,representing a 43%-49% improvement over the control group(0.175 kg/d),and their 60-day weights(18.13,18.05 kg) were significantly higher than the control group(13.99 kg,P<0.05).The trials confirmed that precise nutritional regulation using TMR technology across key reproductive stages(non-pregnancy,breeding,and gestation periods),combined with early supplementary feeding strategies for lambs(initiated at 10 days of age),significantly improved ewe reproductive efficiency(average lambing rate increased by 45.11%) and enhanced lamb growth performance.However,the relatively slower weight gain in group Ⅱ during later stages suggests the need to optimize energy substance ratios in supplementary feeding formulas and individual adaptability regulation.This study provides a replicable nutritional management protocol for intensive mutton sheep farming,offering significant practical value for improving breeding economic efficiency.

Abstract:The low reproductive rates and suboptimal breeding efficiency of meat-type sheep have become critical bottlenecks constraining the development of the mutton sheep industry. Ewe productivity is influenced by multiple factors, including genetic traits, management practices, and feed nutrition, among which precise nutritional regulation is particularly vital for enhancing reproductive efficiency. Leveraging the advantages of TMR (Total Mixed Ration) technology, this study conducted trials on phased precision feeding for crossbred ewes and early supplementary feeding for lambs at two large-scale sheep farms in Linxia County, Gansu Province. The results demonstrated that:Reproductive performance: Compared to the control group, the experimental groups showed increases in estrus rate by 10.98-19.51% (Group II: 98%,?p<0.01), conception rate by 11.43-15.71% (Group II: 92.86%,?p<0.01), and lambing rate by 33.63-62.18% (Group II: 217%), with Group II exhibiting optimal comprehensive reproductive indicators.Lamb growth performance: After 50 days of continuous supplementary feeding (10-60 days of age), the daily weight gain of Groups I and III reached 0.25-0.26 kg/d, representing a 43%-49% improvement over the control group (0.175 kg/d), and their 60-day weights (18.13 kg, 18.05 kg) were significantly higher than the control group (13.99 kg,?p<0.05).The trials confirmed that precise nutritional regulation using TMR technology across key reproductive stages (non-pregnancy, breeding, and gestation periods), combined with early supplementary feeding strategies for lambs (initiated at 10 days of age), significantly improved ewe reproductive efficiency (average lambing rate increased by 45.11%) and enhanced lamb growth performance. However, the relatively slower weight gain in Group II during later stages suggests the need to optimize energy substance ratios in supplementary feeding formulas and individual adaptability regulation. This study provides a replicable nutritional management protocol for intensive mutton sheep farming, offering significant practical value for improving breeding economic efficiency.

Abstract:To reveal the composition of the gut microbiota in wild boars from the southwestern region of Yunnan and to explore the impact of different geographical environments on their gut microbiota, a study was conducted from September to November 2023, collecting gastrointestinal tract tissues from wild boars in Lincang, Dehong, and Nujiang. After extracting DNA, 16S rDNA V3-V4 region amplicon sequencing and analysis were performed. The results showed that a total of 8,218 valid sequences were obtained from the wild boar samples, which were clustered into 8,218 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), belonging to 33 phyla and 554 genera. The Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in all wild boar samples. The fecal microbial community structure and function of wild boars living in different regions differed. In summary, the gut microbiota of wild boars from the three regions share certain commonalities, but there are also significant differences. This indicates that different living environments can lead to variations in the gut microbiota of wild boars, and a more complex living environment can result in a richer gut microbial community.

Abstract:To reveal the composition of the gut microbiota in wild boars from the southwestern region of Yunnan and explore the impact of different geographical environments on their gut microbiota,the study was conducted from September to November 2023,collecting gastrointestinal tract tissues from wild boars in Lincang,Dehong,and Nujiang.After extracting DNA,16S rDNA V3-V4 region amplicon sequencing and analysis were performed.The results showed that a total of 8 218 valid sequences were obtained from the wild boar samples,which were clustered into 8 218 operational taxonomic units(OTUs),belonging to 33 phyla and 554 genera.The Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in all samples.The fecal microbial community structure and function of wild boars living in different regions differed.In summary,the gut microbiota of wild boars from the three regions share certain commonalities,but there are also significant differences.This indicates that different living environments can lead to variations in the gut microbiota of wild boars,and a more complex living environment can result in a richer gut microbial community.

Abstract:Riemerella anatipestifer(RA) is one of the common pathogenic bacteria in waterfowl,which causes high incidence rate and mortality after infecting the host.It is difficult to prevent and control,which seriously threatens the healthy development of poultry breeding industry.This study confirmed that Riemerella anatipestifer was the causative agent of the outbreak in duck flocks through the combination of clinical symptoms,pathological changes,and laboratory diagnosis,and successfully isolated a strain of riemerella anatipestifer HN-RA2023.Further analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic tree revealed that the HN-RA2023 isolate shares homology of 98.9% to 99.9% with the reference strain,and was located on the same branch as the SD-RA2018 strain.The results of this study will provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of riemerella anatipestifer in Hunan province.

Abstract:Riemerella anatipestifer (RA) is one of the common pathogenic bacteria in waterfowl, which causes high incidence rate and mortality after infecting the host. It is difficult to prevent and control, which seriously threatens the healthy development of poultry breeding industry. This study confirmed through the combination of clinical symptoms, pathological changes, and laboratory diagnosis that the pathogen causing the disease in duck flocks is Riemerella anatipestifer, and successfully isolated a strain of Riemerella anatipestifer HN-RA2023. Further analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic tree revealed that the HN-RA2023 isolate shares a homology of 98.9% to 99.9% with the reference strain, and is located on the same branch as the SD-RA2018 strain. The results of this experiment will provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of Riemerella anatipestifer in Hunan region。

Abstract:The incidence of skin tumors in canine is often influenced by breed and age.They are more common in elderly and rarely seen in growing dogs,especially in growing Beagles.This article reports a case of spontaneous tumor in a beagle during the growing period,and conducts tissue sampling,pathological staining analysis and identification.Hematoxylin-eosin staining of the tumor tissue revealed that the canine tumor was located in the dermis,distributed focally,and contained a large amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm with abnormal nuclear morphology.Immunohistochemical results showed that Vimentin and CK were positive,while α-SMA,KI67,S-100 and CD₃₄ were negative.Combined with the analysis of pathological staining results,the preliminary conclusion was probably fibrous histiocytoma.This case report provides a basis for the future diagnosis of canine tumor disease and new perspective for the quality control of beagle.

Abstract:The incidence of skin tumors in canine is often influenced by breed and age. They are more common in elderly and rarely seen in growing dogs, especially in growing Beagles. This article reports a case of spontaneous tumor in a beagle during the growing period, and conducts tissue sampling, pathological staining analysis and identification on it. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of the tumor tissue revealed that the canine tumor was located in the dermis, distributed focally, and contained a large amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm with abnormal nuclear morphology. Immunohistochemical results showed that Vimentin and CK were positive, while α-SMA, KI67, S-100 and CD34 were negative. Combined with the analysis of pathological staining results, the preliminary conclusion was probably fibrous histiocytoma. This case report provides a basis for the future diagnosis of canine tumor disease and a new perspective for the quality control of beagle.

Abstract:To evaluate the effectiveness of brucellosis prevention and eradication measures in livestock within Dejiang county,omprehensive monitoring activities were conducted from 2022 to 2024.A total of 198 pig,cow,and sheep farming households were tested,with serum samples collected including 3 423 from pigs,5 972 from sheep,12 071 from cattle,and 1 609 from dairy cows..The initial screening was performed using the Rose Bengal Plate Agglutination Test(RBPT),followed by confirmatory testing with the Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(cELISA).The results showed that,over the period of 2022 to 2024,a total of 1 positive cattle herd and 6 positive samples were detected according to the distribution of animal herds.Pigs,sheep,and cows were all negative;Specifically,in 2022,a total of 5 070 samples were tested with no positive results;in 2023,out of 8 891 samples tested,there were still no positive findings;whereas in 2024,among 9 114 samples tested,six positive cases were identified,representing a positivity rate of 0.065%,all from cattle herds,None of the pigs,goats,or dairy cow populations showed any signs of brucellosis infection.The results indicate that the outbreak of brucellosis among livestock in Dejiang county has been effectively controlled,reaching stable control standards and effectively preventing the risk of brucellosis among livestock.However,the risk of disease transmission remains,and further monitoring and prevention efforts are needed to accelerate the purification of brucellosis.This study provides data support for the prevention and control of brucellosis in the future.

Abstract:In order to grasp the purification effect of brucellosis prevention and control in livestock in Dejiang County, surveillance work on brucellosis in livestock was carried out throughout the county from 2022 to 2024. A total of 198 pig, cow, and sheep farming households were tested, and 3423 pig serum samples, 5972 sheep serum samples, 12071 cow serum samples, and 1609 cow serum samples were collected. The tiger red plate agglutination test (RBPT) was used for initial screening, and the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was used for rechecking. The results showed that from 2022 to 2024, a total of 1 positive cattle herd and 6 positive samples were detected according to the distribution of animal herds. Pigs, sheep, and cows were all negative; By time distribution, a total of 5070 livestock were tested in 2022, with 8891 positive cases detected in 2023 and 9114 positive cases detected in 2024. The positive rate was 0.065%, and the positive population for brucellosis was cattle, while no brucellosis was found in the pig, goat, and cow populations. The results indicate that the outbreak of brucellosis among livestock in Dejiang County has been effectively controlled, reaching stable control standards and effectively preventing the risk of brucellosis among livestock. However, the risk of disease transmission still exists, and further monitoring and prevention efforts are needed to accelerate the purification of brucellosis. This study provides data support for the prevention and control of brucellosis in the future.

Abstract:In August 2022,50-day-old chickens in a certain chicken farm successively showed symptoms of weight lose and death,the mortality rate was about 0.2% per day,and the morbidity rate was about 10% per day until 110-day-old.Pathological dissection,PCR,RT-PCR,and qPCR detection,histopathological diagnosis,and bacterial isolation and identification were used to diagnose the diseased chicken,the results of PCR and RT-PCR were negative for ALV,MDV,REV and HEV,and positive for Escherichia coli.Pathological examination revealed nodules with size ranging from soybean seeds to quail eggs in the mesentery,kidneys,liver,lungs,and other parts of the diseased chickens,the histopathological findings showed characteristic granulomatous nodules in each tissue.By comparing pathological changes with avian tuberculosis,avian Marek's disease and avian lymphocytic leukemia,the aim is to provide materials for clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diseases.

Abstract:In August 2022, 50-day-old chickens in a certain chicken farm successively showed symptoms of weight lose and death , the mortality rate was about 0.2% per day, and the morbidity rate was about 10% per day until 110-day-old. Pathological dissection, PCR/ RT-PCR / qPCR detection, histopathological diagnosis, and bacterial isolation and identification were used to diagnose the diseased chicken. Pathological examination revealed nodules with size ranging from soybean seeds to quail eggs in the mesentery, kidneys, liver, lungs, and other parts of the diseased chickens, the histopathological findings showed characteristic granulomatous nodules in each tissue. By comparing pathological changes with avian tuberculosis, avian Marek"s disease and avian lymphocytic leukemia, the aim is to provide materials for clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis of diseases.

Abstract:The experiment was to compare and analyze the egg quality and percentage of Wuhei chickens with different eggshell color.A total of 120 30-week-age Wuhei hens of similar weight and peak laying period were selected.The experiment lasted for 5 weeks(31-35 weeks,respectively).During the experiment,the number of powder shell eggs and green shell eggs were recorded on a weekly basis for the calculation of the percentage.At 33 and 35 weeks,60 powder shell eggs and 60 green shell eggs were collected to determine the egg quality index.The results showed that:(1)At 33 weeks,there were no significant differences in egg quality indexes between powder shell eggs and green shell eggs(P>0.05).The egg weight of powder shell eggs was higher than that of green shell eggs,and the egg type index,eggshell strength,eggshell thickness,egg white height,egg yolk color,egg yolk weight and Haugh unit of green shell eggs were higher than that of powder shell eggs.At 35 weeks,egg type index and protein height of green shell eggs were significantly higher than that of powder shell eggs(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in the egg weight,eggshell strength,eggshell thickness,egg yolk color,egg yolk weight and Haugh unit between powder shell eggs and green shell eggs(P>0.05).(2)During the laying of eggs from 31 to 35 week,green shell eggs were mainly produced of Wuhei chickens,accounting for more than 75% of green shell eggs,while powder shell eggs accounted for between 23.15% and 24.72%.A combination of all index,there was no significant difference in egg quality of Wuhei chickens between powder shell and green shell eggs,and the proportion of green shell eggs was larger.

Abstract:The experiment was to compare and analyze the egg quality and percentage of Wuhei chickens with different eggshell color.A total of 120 30-week-age Wuhei hens of similar weight and peak laying period were selected. The experiment lasted for 5 weeks (31-35 weeks, respectively). At 33 and 35 weeks, 60 powder shell eggs and 60 green shell eggs were collected to determine the egg quality index. During the experiment, the number of powder shell eggs and green shell eggs were recorded on a weekly basis, and the percentage of powder shell eggs and green shell eggs were calculated after the experiment. The results showed that: 1) At 33 weeks, there were no significant differences in egg quality indexes between powder shell eggs and green shell eggs (P > 0.05).The egg weight of powder shell eggs was higher than that of green shell eggs, and other indexes of green shell eggs were higher than that of powder shell eggs. At 35 weeks, egg type index and protein height of green shell eggs were significantly higher than that of powder shell eggs (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in other indexes between powder shell eggs and green shell eggs (P > 0.05). 2) During the laying of eggs from 31 to 35 week, green shell eggs were mainly produced of Wuhei chickens , accounting for more than 75% of green shell eggs, while powder shell eggs accounted for between 23.15% and 24.72%. A combination of all index, there was no significant difference in egg quality of Wuhei chickens between powder shell and green shell eggs, and the proportion of green shell eggs was larger.

Abstract:Yak milk is a characteristic dairy resource in Gannan plateau area,possessing unique characteristics that set it apart from other types of milk.The yak dairy industry is also an important pillar industry in Gannan.After years of development,the yak dairy industry has become an important economic source for farmers and herdsmen and an important support for the high-quality development of animal husbandry in Gannan.This paper summarizes and analyzes the advantages and existing shortcomings of the Gannan yak dairy industry’s development,and puts forward countermeasures for the sustainable development.It aims to provide references for the further development and utilization of yak milk resources and the development of yak dairy industry in Gannan.

Abstract:Yak milk is a characteristic milk resource of Gannan Plateau region, with characteristics that are incomparable with other milks. Yak dairy industry is also an important pillar industry in Gannan. After years of development, yak dairy industry has become an important economic source for farmers and herdsmen and an important support for the high-quality development of animal husbandry in Gannan. This paper summarizes and analyzes the advantages of yak dairy industry development and the short board problems in Gannan, and puts forward countermeasures for the sustainable development of yak dairy industry in Gannan Prefecture, in order to provide reference for the further development and utilization of Gannan yak milk resources and the development of yak dairy industry.

Abstract:Xinjiang brown cattle is the first domestically cultivated dairy and meat dual-purpose cattle breed in China, which is bred and improved by introducing the blood of American and Swiss brown cattle. In order to explore the application value and operational precautions of ultrasonic scanners in the breeding and improvement of Xinjiang brown cattle, this experiment used B-ultrasound to measure meat quality traits such as backfat thickness, eye muscle area, intermuscular fat, and waist muscle height in 18 month old American New hybrid brown cattle cows and 18 month old bulls, in order to provide data basis for the breeding and improvement of Xinjiang brown cattle and ultrasonic live measurement technology. The results showed that B-ultrasound could clearly and accurately measure the relevant meat quality traits. The eye muscle area of 36 month old adult Meixin hybrid brown cattle was significantly higher than that of 18 month old and 24 month old (P<0.05), and the intermuscular fat of 36 month old cattle was significantly higher than that of 18 month old cattle (P<0.05); The backfat thickness of 18 month old Meixin hybrid bulls was significantly higher than that of cows (P<0.05), and the waist muscle height and eye muscle area were significantly higher than those of cows (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in intramuscular fat content (P>0.05). The ultrasound in vivo measurement method can effectively reflect the meat quality indicators of beef cattle. As the age increases, the meat quality related indicators of Meixin hybrid brown cattle show an upward trend, and fat deposition accelerates in adulthood; Young Meixin hybrid bulls have much higher developmental performance than cows and have good selection and breeding value.

Abstract:Xinjiang brown cattle is the first domestically cultivated dairy and meat dual-purpose cattle breed in China,which is bred and improved by introducing the blood of American and Swiss brown cattle.In order to explore the application value and operational precautions of ultrasonic scanners in the breeding and improvement of Xinjiang brown cattle,this experiment used B-ultrasound to measure meat quality traits such as backfat thickness,eye muscle area,intermuscular fat,and waist muscle height in American New hybrid brown cattle cows at 18,24,and 36 month old,and 18 month old bulls,in order to provide data basis for the breeding and improvement of Xinjiang brown cattle and ultrasonic live measurement technology.The results showed that B-ultrasound could clearly and accurately measure the relevant meat quality traits.The eye muscle area of 36 month old adult Meixin hybrid brown cattle was significantly higher than that of 18 month old and 24 month old(P<0.05),and the intermuscular fat of 36 month old cattle was significantly higher than that of 18 month old cattle(P<0.05);The backfat thickness of 18 month old Meixin hybrid bulls was significantly higher than that of cows(P<0.05),and the waist muscle height and eye muscle area were significantly higher than those of cows(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in intramuscular fat content(P>0.05).The ultrasound in vivo measurement method can effectively reflect the meat quality indicators of beef cattle.As the age increases,the meat quality related indicators of Meixin hybrid brown cattle show an upward trend,and fat deposition accelerates in adulthood;Young Meixin hybrid bulls have much higher developmental performance than cows and have good selection and breeding value.

Abstract:When storing sheep semen,adding a certain amount of vitamin B₁₂(VB₁₂) to the diluent is important in improving semen quality,maintaining sperm acrosome integrity,prolonging sperm in vitro survival time,and increasing sperm survival rate and motility.This study investigates the effect of different concentrations of VB₁₂ added to diluent on the preservation of Hu sheep semen.Ten Hu sheep were selected for the experiment,and semen was collected using the pseudo-vaginal method.Different concentrations of VB₁₂ diluent(0,0.025,0.05 and 0.075 mg/mL) were added and stored at 4 ℃.The research results showed that on the first and second day of storage,there was a significant difference in sperm abnormality rate between the VB₁₂ -added groups and the control group(P<0.05).The 0.05 mg/mL VB₁₂ group had significantly higher sperm survival rates and activity from day 2 to day 5 compared to other concentration groups other concentration groups(P<0.05),and the sperm abnormality rate on days 4 and 5 was significantly higher than in other groups(P<0.05).The sperm abnormality rate of all VB₁₂ addition groups on day 5 was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).In summary,adding an appropriate amount of VB₁₂ to the diluent can effectively improve the preservation effect of Hu sheep semen,prolong the survival rate and motility retention time of sperm,and to some extent reduce the sperm abnormality rate.This provides a basis for optimizing Hu sheep semen preservation technology and improving the success rate of artificial insemination.

Abstract:When storing sheep semen, adding a certain amount of vitamin B12 (VB12) to the diluent is important in improving semen quality, maintaining sperm acrosome integrity, prolonging sperm in vitro survival time, and increasing sperm survival rate and motility. This study investigates the effect of adding different concentrations of VB12 to diluent on the preservation of Hu sheep semen. Ten Hu sheep were selected for the experiment, and semen was collected using the pseudo-vaginal method. Different concentrations of VB12 diluent (0.00 mg/ml, 0.025 mg/ml, 0.05 mg/ml, 0.075 mg/ml) were added and stored at 4 ℃. The research results showed that on the first and second day of storage, there was a significant difference in sperm abnormality rate between the VB12-added groups and the control group (P<0.05). The sperm survival rate and motility of the VB12 group at 0.05 mg/ml on days 2 to 5 were significantly higher than those of other concentration groups (P<0.05), and the sperm abnormality rate on days 4 and 5 was significantly higher than that of different groups (P<0.05). The sperm abnormality rate of all VB12 added groups on day 5 was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). In summary, adding an appropriate amount of VB12 to the diluent can effectively improve the preservation effect of Hu sheep semen, prolong the survival rate and motility retention time of sperm, and to some extent reduce the sperm abnormality rate. This provides a basis for optimizing Hu sheep semen preservation technology and improving the success rate of artificial insemination.

Abstract:The improved holstein dairy cow sperm control technology has not been applied in our city for a long time, It is still in the promotion trial, To evaluate the application of improved Holstein cows in cows with different parity, In this paper, through data access, test demonstration, to Lintao County Harmony Animal Husbandry Technology Co., LTD., no reproductive disease, normal reproductive function, follicle development of the first fetus, the second and the third fetus between the each of 20 good Holstein cows as the test object, Using timed insemination procedures (Ovsynch / TAI) processing procedures, The introduction of 102 bred holstein cows, Experimental research on the sex rate, pregnancy rate, calving rate and sex ratio of Holstein dairy cows of different parity, Summarize a set of effective sperm control techniques for dairy cows, It provides a reference for the application of sex control technology in the process of breeding Holstein cows.

Abstract:The application of semen control technology for high-quality Holstein dairy cows in our city is still in its early stages and is currently being promoted through trials.To evaluate the application of semen control technology in high-quality Holstein dairy cows of different parity,this study reviewed relevant literature and conducted demonstration trials using a timed artificial insemination(Ovsynch/TAI) program,Lintao County Harmony Animal Husbandry Technology Co.,Ltd.no reproductive disease,normal reproductive function,follicle development of the first fetus,the second and the third fetus between 20 high-quality Holstein cows as the test object,Using the fine tube of fine Holstein cow as the test material.Experimental studies on the concurrent estrus rate,pregnancy rate,calving rate and calf sex ratio of dairy cows with different parity.The results show that:(1)The first dairy cows had 20 estrus,with an estrus rate of 100%,the second cows were 18 with 90%,and the third cows had 16 with an estrus rate of 80%.(2)After 60 bred Holstein cows underwent two scheduled insemination procedures,20 cows were pregnant,the pregnancy rate was 100%,13 second cows were pregnant,the pregnancy rate was 65%,15 of the third cows were pregnant,the pregnancy rate was 75%.(3)Among the 60 cows of the company,there are 48 pregnant cows and 48 calves,the calving rate is 100%,45 surviving heads,and the survival rate is 93.8%.The study believes that the birth rate of young cows during the sperm control period is much higher than that of postpartum cows,the birth rate of female calves is more than 90%,the survival rate is also good,and the effect is obvious,which provides reference for the extensive application of sperm control technology in the process of dairy cow breeding.

Abstract:To identify suitable oat varieties and optimal sowing rates for planting in the high-altitude and frigid pastoral areas of Gannan,a planting experiments were conducted with four oat varieties under different sowing rates.From the variety screening results,Qingyin No.1,Qingyin No.2,and Linna have all shown good adaptability and resilience,with Qingyin No.2 being the best,followed by Linna and Qingyin No.1.In terms of sowing quantity,from the comprehensive perspective of economic cost and yield,the optimal sowing quantity for oat forage in the high-altitude pastoral area of Gannan is 300 kg/hm².The results of this study are significant for solving the shortage of local forage,improving disaster resistance and livestock protection capabilities,and promoting the sustainable development of grassland animal husbandry.

Abstract:To select suitable oat varieties and optimal sowing rates for planting in the high- altitude and frigid pastoral areas of Gannan of Gannan, planting experiments were conducted on four oat varieties under different sowing rates. From the variety screening results, Qingyin 1, Qingyin 2, and Linna have all shown good adaptability and resilience, with Qingyin 2 being the best, followed by Linna and Qingyin 1. In terms of sowing quantity, from the comprehensive perspective of economic cost and yield, the optimal sowing quantity for oat forage in the high-altitude pastoral area of Gannan is 300kg/hm2. The results of this study are of great significance for solving the shortage of local forage, improving disaster resistance and livestock protection capabilities, and promoting the sustainable development of grassland animal husbandry.

Abstract:This paper aims to describe the implementation of paperless quarantine issuance.Explored the advantages,problems and proposed improvements of paperless licensing.The article employs the inspection and quarantine work along with the progress of paperless certification in Wanzhou district,Chongqing municipality as an exemplar to undertake a comprehensive analysis of this undertaking.The analysis reveals that the paperless certification approach showcases prominent advantages in respects such as cost,efficiency,data collection,and responsibility fulfilment.However,throughout the process,there persist problems like untimely information updates,feeble risk prevention awareness among the personnel,non-standard picture uploads,insufficient implementation of quarantine procedures,and incomplete enforcement of on-ground supervision.The regulatory authorities should strengthen policy publicity,enhance business training,standardize quarantine procedures,and implement regulatory responsibilities to promote more efficient and rapid development of animal health supervision work.

Abstract:The purpose of this paper described the implementation of paperless quarantine issuance. Explored the advantages, problems and proposed improvements of paperless licensing.? The article employs the inspection and quarantine work along with the progress of paperless certification in Wanzhou District, Chongqing Municipality as an exemplar to undertake a comprehensive analysis of this undertaking. It is discerned that the paperless certification approach showcases prominent advantages in respects such as cost, efficiency, data collection, and responsibility fulfilment. Nevertheless, throughout the process, there persist problems like untimely information updates, feeble risk prevention awareness among the personnel, non-standard picture uploads, insufficient implementation of quarantine procedures, and incomplete enforcement of on-ground supervision. The regulatory authorities should strengthen policy publicity, enhance business training, standardize quarantine procedures, and implement regulatory responsibilities to promote more efficient and rapid development of animal health supervision work.

Abstract:With the comprehensive advancement of the rural revitalization strategy,forest musk deer breeding,as a promising sunrise industry,is rapidly emerging across our country,becoming an important force in driving rural economic development.The introduction and application of antibiotic-free breeding technology have provided strong technical support for forest musk deer farmers,effectively addressing the challenges of diseases in the breeding process,reducing breeding risks,and greatly enhancing the confidence of farmers.This not only lays the foundation for the sustainable development of the forest musk deer industry but also injects new dynamics and vitality into the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.This paper aims to deeply explore the broad development prospects of forest musk deer breeding,comprehensively demonstrate the significant effects of antibiotic-free breeding technology in improving the breeding rate,survival rate,and increasing breeding benefits of forest musk deer,and provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the further development of the forest musk deer industry.

Abstract:With the comprehensive advancement of the rural revitalization strategy, forest musk deer breeding, as a promising sunrise industry, is rapidly emerging across our country, becoming an important force in driving rural economic development. The introduction and application of antibiotic-free breeding technology have provided strong technical support for forest musk deer farmers, effectively addressing the challenges of diseases in the breeding process, reducing breeding risks, and greatly enhancing the confidence of farmers. This not only lays the foundation for the sustainable development of the forest musk deer industry but also injects new dynamics and vitality into the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. This paper aims to deeply explore the broad development prospects of forest musk deer breeding, comprehensively demonstrate the significant effects of antibiotic-free breeding technology in improving the breeding rate, survival rate, and increasing breeding benefits of forest musk deer, and provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the further development of the forest musk deer industry.

Abstract:The city of Jiuquan in Gansu Province is located in the northwest high-cold area.The main meat sheep breeds raised in Jiuquan are Suffolk,Dorper,Dexter,and Small Tail Han sheep.Hu sheep is one of the famous high-quality multi-lamb local meat sheep breeds.It is an excellent mother stock for meat sheep crossbreeding,and the F¹ generation has a 10%-20% higher growth rate and carcass rate than the Hu sheep breed.This paper mainly expounds the characteristics of the Hu sheep breed,the controlling of high-cold area breeding environment,the feeding standard for daily feeding,the breeding management technology,and the treatment process of common diseases.Conducting key technology research on Hu sheep breeding,integrating and applying the new technologies for meat sheep breeding growth and reproduction management that are suitable for local features of the sheep industry,and continuously improving the comprehensive production capacity of Hu sheep.Strengthening the effective supply of science and technology to the rural revitalization industry.

Abstract:The city of Jiuquan in Gansu Province is located in the northwest high-cold area. The main meat sheep breeds raised in Jiuquan are Suffolk, Dorper, Dexter, and Small Tail Han sheep. Hu sheep is one of the famous high-quality multi-lamb local meat sheep breeds. It is an excellent mother stock for meat sheep crossbreeding, and the F1 generation has a 10%-20% higher growth rate and carcass rate than the Hu sheep breed. This paper mainly expounds the characteristics of the Hu sheep breed, the controlling of high-cold area breeding environment, the feeding standard for daily feeding, the breeding management technology, and the treatment process of common diseases. Conducting key technology research on Hu sheep breeding, integrating and applying the new technologies for meat sheep breeding growth and reproduction management that are suitable for local features of the sheep industry, and continuously improving the comprehensive production capacity of Hu sheep. Strengthening the effective supply of science and technology to the rural revitalization industry

Abstract:With the development of green and healthy breeding and production technology, as a new and efficient feed additive, natural plant extracts are gradually widely used by farmers. Astragalus polysaccharide is one of the active substances of astragalus. It is mainly composed of self -glycogenic acid, fructose, Arabic sugar, galactose, mouse sugar, glucose, galactin, and glucosol acid. Anti -virus, antitumor, bacteriostatic, anti -inflammatory, flora proliferation, improvement of blood sugar, liver protection and liver and liver, and at the same time, it has a wide range of prospects for sheep"s breeding and production. This article systematically sort out the biological functions of astragalus polysaccharides, the application of sheep breeding production, and its precautions in feed applications, in order to provide certain reference value for the development and utilization of new green livestock and poultry feed additives.

Abstract:With the development of green and healthy livestock production technology,natural plant extracts are gradually widely used as a new and efficient feed additive by farmers.Astragalus polysaccharide,one of the active substances of Astragalus membranaceus,possess a wide range of biological functions,including immune regulation,anti-oxidation,metabolism,antiviral,anti-tumor,antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,proliferation of bacteria,improvement of blood sugar,and liver protection.Meanwhile,it has a broad application prospect in sheep breeding and production.In this paper,the biological function of Astragalus polysaccharide,its application in sheep breeding and its points for attention in feed application were systematically reviewed,in order to provide certain reference value for the development and utilization of new green feed additives for livestock and poultry.

Abstract:In order to effectively protect and utilize the wild grass resources in Gannan,this study focuses on the domestication of native grass species for the ecological restoration of grassland and the development of livestock industry.The present study took the excellent native grass species of Elymus nutans and Poa pratensis,which are unique to the Gannan region,as the domestication materials,and introduced Festuca sinensis and Medicago sativa as the control materials.Sinensis and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) were introduced as controls,the results showed that the average plant height,hay yield and seed yield of Phyllanthus pratensis at the age of 1,2 and 3 were 80.53 cm,3 536.67 kg/hm² and 25.3 kg/hm²,respectively,which were all significantly higher than those of other species(P<0.01),and Poa pratensis was the second highest.These results indicated that pendulous lacewing and morning glory are excellent wild forage grasses suitable for the alpine region of Gannan,which is of great significance for promoting local ecological protection and sustainable development.

Abstract:Gannan is located at the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, with unique climatic characteristics and diverse grassland types. In view of its strategic ecological position, the study of domestication of indigenous grass species in Gannan is of great significance to the ecological restoration of grassland and the development of animal husbandry. This paper systematically analyzes the current situation of natural grasslands in Gannan, grass species resources and their potential in ecological restoration, and at the same time discusses the scientific principles and methods of seed introduction and domestication. Combining the current situation at home and abroad with relevant experiments, adaptive management and technical strategies are proposed, aiming at improving degraded grassland through domestication of native grass species and enhancing the ecosystem service function and sustainable utilization capacity. Through the introduction and domestication of early morning glory in Gannan, it was shown that the rational selection and scientific domestication of cold and drought tolerant grass species significantly improved pasture yield and quality, and enhanced the ecological stability of grassland. This study provides a scientific basis and practical guidance for ecological restoration in Gannan and other similar areas.

Abstract:This article conducts an investigation and analysis on the application status of complete feed in the forest musk deer breeding process in Feng county,Shaanxi province,through field surveys,questionnaire surveys,and visits to local management departments.It comprehensively grasps the main problems existing among current breeders in terms of feed use,preparation,and nutritional awareness.The survey reveals that most breeders use self-made complete feed,but there are significant deficiencies in standardization and nutritional balance.In addition,breeders’ understanding of the nutritional components of feed remains rather vague,which affects the effectiveness of feed use.Based on this,this survey proposes four development suggestions,including strengthening scientific breeding training,promoting standardized feed preparation,enhancing the application of additives,and establishing a feed formula optimization platform,aiming to provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for Feng county and other forest musk deer breeding areas and promote the sustainable development of the forest musk deer breeding industry.

Abstract:This article conducts an investigation and analysis on the application status of complete feed in the forest musk deer breeding process in Feng County, Shaanxi Province through field surveys, questionnaire surveys, and visits to local management departments. It comprehensively grasps the main problems existing among current breeders in terms of feed use, preparation, and nutritional awareness. The survey reveals that most breeders use self-made complete feed, but there are significant deficiencies in standardization and nutritional balance. In addition, breeders" understanding of the nutritional components of feed remains rather vague, which affects the effectiveness of feed use. Based on this, this survey proposes four development suggestions, including strengthening scientific breeding training, promoting standardized feed preparation, enhancing the application of additives, and establishing a feed formula optimization platform, aiming to provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for Feng County and other forest musk deer breeding areas and promote the sustainable development of the forest musk deer breeding industry. .

Abstract:In recent years,Sunan county has vigorously promoted the production mode of grassland grazing livestock in different places,and nearly 200 000 livestock go down the mountain into the Sichuan River to borrow grazing in the straw land in the oasis agricultural area every year,although certain economic,ecological and social benefits have been obtained,but with the increase of the number of livestock borrowed from the pasture year by year,the types of livestock on the borrowed grazing are also increasing,and the prevention and control of the disease of the livestock in other places has attracted the attention of the local government and business departments.Through the investigation and analysis of the prevention and control of livestock diseases in Sunan county,the author puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the outstanding problems,aiming to provide reference for the effective development of the prevention and control of livestock diseases in Sunan county,and ensure the stability and prosperity of animal husbandry and public health safety in the region.

Abstract:(Sunan County Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Sunan, Gansu 734400)
:In recent years, Sunan County has vigorously promoted the production mode of grassland grazing livestock in different places, and nearly 200,000 heads (only) of livestock go down the mountain into the Sichuan River to borrow grazing in the straw land in the oasis agricultural area every year, although certain economic, ecological and social benefits have been obtained, but with the increase of the number of livestock borrowed from the pasture year by year, the types of livestock on the borrowed grazing are also increasing, and the prevention and control of the disease of the livestock in other places has attracted the attention of the local government and business departments. Through the investigation and analysis of the prevention and control of livestock diseases in Sunan County, the author puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the outstanding problems, aiming to provide reference for the effective development of the prevention and control of livestock diseases in Sunan County, and ensure the stability and prosperity of animal husbandry and public health safety in the region.

Abstract:In order to improve the teaching effectiveness of the course Animal Microbiology,based on the Gansu Smart Education Platform and Chaoxing Learning Platform,the course PPT,micro lesson videos,microbiology videos,pictures,new processes,new knowledge,new skills and other materials were uploaded to construct a mixed course of Animal Microbiology.The blended teaching method combines theoretical knowledge online teaching and practical teaching offline teaching,fully exerting students' subjective initiative.Students’ interest in learning has significantly increased,with a total of 633 026 course views,13 378 cumulative interactions,an attendance rate of 98%,a homework completion rate of 93%,an average of 88 points in online tests,66 points per person in group tasks,71 points per person in process assessments,and a course pass rate of 100%.The blended course of Animal Microbiology facilitates students’ use of fragmented time for learning,without being limited by space and time,and significantly improves the effectiveness compared to traditional teaching.

Abstract:In order to improve the teaching effectiveness of the course "Animal Microbiology", based on the Gansu Smart Education Platform and Chaoxing Learning Platform, the course PPT, micro lesson videos, microbiology videos, pictures, new processes, new knowledge, new skills and other materials were uploaded to construct a mixed course of "Animal Microbiology". The blended teaching method combines theoretical knowledge online teaching and practical teaching offline teaching, fully exerting students" subjective initiative. Students" interest in learning has significantly increased, with a total of 633026 course views, 13378 cumulative interactions, an attendance rate of 98%, a homework completion rate of 93%, an average of 88 points in online tests, 66 points per person in group tasks, 71 points per person in process assessments, and a course pass rate of 100%. The blended course of Animal Microbiology facilitates students" use of fragmented time for learning, without being limited by space and time, and significantly improves the effectiveness compared to traditional teaching.

Abstract:In the era of actively constructing the concept of “great ideological and political education” framework for students,promoting the full cooperation and complementarity between ideological and political theory courses and ideological and political education in specialized courses,and realizing the whole-process,all-round,and all-staff ideological and political education process.This paper analyzes the feasibility of the textbook of the specialized course Animal Pharmacology and Toxicology in veterinary medicine to support the ideological and political education of students,studies the model innovation of organically integrating ideological and political elements based on the specialized course textbook,promotes the integration of multi-perspective,multi-form,and diversified ideological and political elements into the textbook,and realizes the effect of moral education and collaborative education in ideological and political education of courses.

Abstract:In the era of actively constructing the concept of "great ideological and political education for students", promoting the full cooperation and complementarity between ideological and political theory courses and ideological and political education in specialized courses, and realizing the whole - process, all - round, and all - staff ideological and political education process. This paper analyzes the feasibility of the textbook of the specialized course "Animal Pharmacology and Toxicology" in animal medicine to support the ideological and political education of students, studies the model innovation of organically integrating ideological and political elements based on the specialized course textbook, promotes the integration of multi - perspective, multi - form, and diversified ideological and political elements into the textbook, and realizes the effect of moral education and collaborative education in ideological and political education of courses.

Abstract:In recent years,with the rapid development of information technology,computer virtual simulation technology,virtual simulation experiment software,and platform construction have also achieved rapid development.As an auxiliary tool for experimental teaching,virtual simulation technology allows students to immerse themselves in simulated experimental environments,enabling continuous practice and summarization,breaking the limitations of time and place,consolidating theoretical knowledge and enhancing their own hands-on ability.Feed production and processing technology is an important experimental teaching content of Compound Feed Production course,which requires many large instruments and equipment,and has strong operability and practicality.In this paper,the application of virtual simulation laboratory in experimental teaching and practice is studied and analyzed by taking the experiment of Compound Feed Production course for vocational undergraduate,which provides reference for the reform of experimental teaching in the future.

Abstract:In recent years, with the rapid development of information technology, computer virtual simulation technology, virtual simulation experiment software and platform construction have also achieved rapid development. Virtual simulation technology as an aid to experimental teaching, through the simulation of real experimental scenes, students in the virtual simulation experiment platform immersive into the experiment, continuous practice and summary, breaking the limitations of time and place, consolidating theoretical knowledge and enhancing their own hands-on ability. Feed production and processing technology is an important experimental teaching content of compound feed production course, which requires many large instruments and equipment, and has strong operability and practicality. In this paper, the application of virtual simulation laboratory in experimental teaching and practice is studied and analyzed by taking the experiment of compound feed production course for vocational undergraduate, which provides reference for the reform of experimental teaching in the future.

Abstract:In the classroom teaching of "Chinese Veterinary Medicine", deeply explore the "curriculum ideology and politics" education elements that are in line with the teaching points, and carry out teaching practice. Years of teaching practice show that the "curriculum ideology and politics" education elements that have been explored are highly integrated with the knowledge points, which improves the classroom teaching effect, stimulates students" interest in learning, and plays the role of professional courses in education, which can be further widely promoted used.

Abstract:In the classroom teaching of Chinese Veterinary Medicine,the elements of curriculum ideology and politics that are in line with the teaching are deeply explored,and carried out in teaching practice.Years of teaching practice demonstrate that these curriculum ideology and politics elements of education and the teaching knowledge points have a high degree of fit,which improves the effect of classroom teaching,stimulates students’ interest in learning,and plays the function of educating people in professional courses,and can be further widely promoted and used.

Abstract:To promote digital education is an important strategic development goal in China.With the rapid development of computer technology,utilizing virtual simulation technology to enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education in professional courses has become an important proposition in contemporary higher education.This article is based on the current situation faced by the teaching of Animal Anatomy courses in higher education institutions,and constructs the implementation goals of ideological and political education in Animal Anatomy courses.A new path was explored for the construction of ideological and political education in Animal Anatomy courses based on virtual simulation digital platforms.Through virtual simulation technology,it enriches the resources of Animal Anatomy courses,fully integrates ideological and political elements into classroom teaching,and improves the level of ideological and political education in veterinary medical education of higher education institutions.

Abstract:To promote digital education is an important strategic development goal in China. With the rapid development of computer technology, utilizing virtual simulation technology to enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education in professional courses has become an important proposition in contemporary higher education. This article is based on the current situation faced by the teaching of animal anatomy courses in higher education institutions, and constructs the implementation goals of ideological and political education in animal anatomy courses. A new path was explored for the construction of ideological and political education in animal anatomy courses based on virtual simulation digital platforms. Through virtual simulation technology, it enriches the resources of animal anatomy courses, fully integrates ideological and political elements into classroom teaching, and improves the level of ideological and political education in veterinary medical education of higher education institutions.