不同季节对西门塔尔牛活体采卵和体外胚胎生产的影响

Influence of Different Seasons on in Vivo Oocyte Retrieval and in Vitro Embryo Production in Simmental Cattle

摘要:

为进一步研究西门塔尔牛体外胚胎生产移植效果,有效提高优秀核心群母牛繁殖效率,迅速解决优秀核心育种群数量少,优质种源供给不足等问题。在武威市省级西门塔尔肉牛种牛场筛选1~2岁性成熟的核心群优秀供体15头,在不同季节对其进行超声引导下卵泡穿刺术(OPU)提取卵母细胞,对其进行体外受精(IVF)、体外培养、冷冻保存等流程,监测分析各环节数据。结果表明:经优化后的 OPU-IVF流程头均可采卵17.58枚,体外受精后培养卵裂率达到69.67%,囊胚率可达到36.19%,头均获OPU-IVF胚胎3.75枚,鲜胚移植怀孕率53.37%。研究认为,西门塔尔牛体外胚胎生产及移植技术成功率受多种因素影响,如供体牛的年龄、营养状况、激素处理方案、实验室环境条件、体外培养、冷冻保存及移植等环境。在我国西北方,西门塔尔牛活体采卵在春秋季进行同期发情处理、采卵效果及体外受精培养效果明显好于冬季,这可能应该与气候条件和肉牛的生理周期有关，说明西门塔尔牛活体采卵在春秋季进行效果更好。

Abstract:

In order to further study the effect of in vitro embryo production and transplantation in Simmental cattle,and to effectively improve the efficiency of excellent core group of cows,and to quickly solve the problems of small number of excellent core breeding groups and insufficient supply of high-quality breeding sources.In provincial Simmental beef cattle breeding farm in Wuwei city,15 excellent core group donors aged 1-2 years were selected,and their oocytes extracted by ultrasound-guided follicle puncture(OPU) in different seasons.The oocytes were then subjected to in vitro fertilization(IVF),in vitro culture,and cryopreservation.The data at each stage were analyzed.The results showed that after optimization,the OPU-IVF process could collect average of 17.58 oocytes per donor,with a cleavage rate of 69.67% after in vitro fertilization,and aocyst rate of 36.19%.Each donor could produce an average of 3.75 OPU-IVF embryos,and the pregnancy rate after embryo transplantation was 53.37%.This study concluded that the success rate of in vitro embryo production and transplantation in Simmental cattle is affected by various,such as the age of the donor cows,nutritional status,hormone treatment plan,laboratory environmental conditions,in vitro culture,cryopreservation,and transplantation environment In Northwest China,the collection of oocytes from live Simmental cattle should be carried out in spring and autumn,with significantly better results than in winter(P<0.5),which may be related to the climate conditions and the physiological cycle of the beef cattle.