甘南半农半牧区不同培育方式对牦牛犊牛饲养效果的研究

Study on the Effect of Different Breeding Methods on Yak Calf Rearing in Semi-agricultural and Semi-pastoral Areas of Gannan

摘要:

为了研究不同培育方式对甘南牦牛犊牛的饲养效果,随机选择日龄、体况相近的新生犊牛90头,每组30头,按照不同哺乳方式分为试验1组(3月龄早期断奶+补饲+放牧)、试验2组(6月龄全哺乳+补饲+放牧)、对照组(传统放牧)。试验2组6月龄体重为52.47 kg,胸围为99.7 cm,分别较试验1组和对照组增重8.44和13.43 kg,高9.11和25.56 cm,平均日增重为0.263 kg,分别较试验1组和对照组增加0.033和0.049 kg;12月龄体重达95.16 kg,胸围达114.2 cm,分别较试验1组和对照组增重16.56和31.08 kg,高8.89和17.45 cm,平均日增重为0.371 kg,分别较试验1组和对照组增加0.032和0.135 kg。结果表明,在甘南半农半牧区,牦牛犊牛在6月龄前进行全哺乳培育,生长发育良好,增重效果明显,有利于培育优质后备牦牛,从而提升牦牛的生产性能。

Abstract:

In order to study the feeding effect of different breeding methods on Gannan yak calves,90 newborn calves with similar age and body condition were randomly selected,30 calves in each group,which were divided into experimental group 1(early weaning at 3 months of age+supplemental feeding+grazing),experimental group 2(full lactation+supplemental feeding+grazing at 6 months of age),and control group(traditional grazing) according to the different lactation methods.At 6 months of age,the weight of calves in group 2 was 52.47 kg,and the chest circumference was 99.7 cm,which was 8.44 and 13.43 kg higher and 9.11 and 25.56 cm taller than that of group 1 and the control group respectively.The average daily weight gain was 0.263 kg,which was 0.033 and 0.049 kg more than that of group 1 and the control group respectively.At 12 months of age,the weight reached 95.16 kg,the chest circumference reached 114.2 cm,the weight gained was 16.56 and 31.08 kg,the height was 8.89 and 17.45 cm,and the average daily weight gain was 0.371 kg,which was 0.032 and 0.135 kg more than that of the group 1 and the control group,respectively.The results showed that in the semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas of Gannan,yak calves bred with full lactation before the age of 6 months had good growth and development,and the effect of weight gain was good,leading to significant weight gains and contributing to the cultivation of high-quality yaks,thereby enhancing the production performance of yaks.