澳洲白、萨福克、杜泊羊与湖羊杂交试验研究

Study on Crossbreeding of Australian White,Suffolk,Dorper and Hu Sheep

摘要:

为筛选适合武威地区的最佳肉羊杂交组合,以澳洲白、萨福克、杜泊等羊作为父本,湖羊作为母本,进行二元、三元杂交试验。结果表明:(1)澳×湖、杜×湖、萨×湖、澳×杜×湖、萨×杜×湖F1代初生重显著高于湖羊组(P＜0.05),F1代1月龄体重、3月龄体重皆极显著高于湖羊组(P＜0.01);澳×湖、杜×湖、澳×杜×湖、萨×杜×湖F1代6月龄体重极显著高于湖羊组(P＜0.01),萨×湖F1代6月龄体重显著高于湖羊组(P＜0.05)。(2)澳×湖、杜×湖、澳×杜×湖、萨×杜×湖宰前重、胴体重、净肉重3个指标皆极显著高于湖羊组(P＜0.01),萨×湖宰前重、胴体重、净肉重3个指标显著高于湖羊组(P＜0.05);5个杂交组合屠宰率显著高于湖羊组(P＜0.05),净肉率、肉骨比、眼肌面积极显著高于湖羊组(P＜0.01)。(3)澳×湖、澳×杜×湖、萨×杜×湖大理石花纹显著高于湖羊组(P＜0.05);澳×杜×湖、萨×杜×湖失水率均显著低于其他各组(P＜0.05),熟肉率均显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05)。研究认为,用澳洲白公羊、杜泊公羊、萨福克公羊,与湖羊进行杂交试验效果明显,可在类似生态条件区域大力推广。

Abstract:

To screen for the optimal meat sheep crossbreeding combinations suitable for the Wuwei,the binary and ternary crossbreeding experiments were carried out with Australian white sheep,Suffolk sheep and Dorper sheep as male parent and Hu sheep as female parent.The results show that:(1)The birth weight of F₁ generation from Australian white×Hu sheep,Dolper×Hu sheep,Suffolk×Hu sheep,Australian white×Dolper×Hu sheep and Suffolk×Dolper×Hu sheep group was significantly higher than that of Hu sheep group(P＜0.05),the body weight of F₁ generation at 1 month and 3 month of age were significantly higher than those of Hu sheep group (P＜0.01),and the body weight of F₃ generation at 6 months old from Australian white×Hu sheep,Dolper×Hu sheep,Australian white×Dolper×Hu sheep,Suffolk×Dolper×Hu sheep was significantly higher compared with Hu sheep group (P＜0.01).The Suffolk×Hu sheep group was significantly higher than Hu sheep group(P＜0.05).(2)The pre-slaughter weight,carcass weight and net meat weight of F₁ offspring from Australian white×Hu sheep,Dolper×Hu sheep,Australian white×Dolper×Hu sheep and Suffolk×Dolper×Hu sheep were significantly higher than those of the Hu sheep group(P＜0.01).The pre-slaughter weight,carcass weight,and net meat weight of Suffolk×Hu sheep were significantly higher than those of the Hu sheep group(P<0.05).The slaughter rate of all five crossbreeding combinations was significantly higher than that of the Hu sheep group(P<0.05),and the net meat ratio,meat-to-bone ratio,and eye muscle area were significantly higher(P<0.01).(3)The marbling of F₁ offspring from Australian white×Hu sheep,Australian white×Dolper×Hu sheep and Suffolk×Dolper×Hu sheep were significantly higher than those of the Hu sheep group(P<0.05).The drip loss of Australian white×Dolper×Hu sheep and Suffolk×Dolper×Hu sheep was significantly lower than that of the other groups(P<0.05),and the cooked meat yield was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05).The results of crossbreeding experiments with Australian white ram,Duper ram,Suffolk ram and Hu sheep are obvious,and can be vigorously promoted in regions with similar ecological conditions.