纯血马级进杂交改良伊犁马体尺性状分析与研究

Analysis and Study of Body Size Traits in Thoroughbred Crossbred Improved Ili Horses

摘要:

本研究以伊犁州昭苏县域伊犁马、纯血马、伊犁马×纯血马杂交后代为对象,分别测定伊犁马和纯血马以及杂交3代的体高、体长、胸围、管围,对测定的体尺数据进行差异显著性分析并计算体尺指数,以期为轻型骑乘伊犁马培育和杂交利用提供科学依据和数据支撑。分析结果表明,导入纯血马的血液可显著改善伊犁马的体尺性能,杂交F₃代的体高、体长、胸围和管围较伊犁马分别提高了9.51、5.84、15.27和0.5 cm(P<0.01);杂交F₁代、F₂代的体高、体长、胸围和管围极显著高于伊犁马(P<0.01);同时杂交F₁代、F₂代、F₃代的胸围率极显著高于伊犁马(P<0.01)。综上,可以看出纯血马作为父本杂交改良伊犁马效果显著,杂交后代体尺发育水平和体型结构均优于伊犁马,以伊犁马为母本具有培育出速度型伊犁马新类型的潜力。

Abstract:

This study focuses on Ili horses,thoroughbred,and hybrid offspring of Ili horses and thoroughbred in Zhaosu County,Ili Prefecture.The body height,length,chest circumference,and tube circumference of Ili horses,thoroughbred,and three generations of hybrids were measured,and the difference in body size data was analyzed for significance and the body size index was calculated.The aim is to provide scientific basis and data support for the cultivation and hybrid utilization of light riding Ili horses.The analysis results showed that introducing blood from thoroughbred can significantly improve the body size performance of Ili horses.The body height,length,chest circumference,and tube circumference of the hybrid F₃ generation increased by 9.51,5.84,15.27 and 0.5 cm,respectively,compared to Ili horses(P<0.01);The body height,length,chest circumference,and tube circumference of hybrid F₁ and F₂ generations were significantly higher than those of Ili horses(P<0.01);The chest circumference rate of hybrid F₁,F₂ and F₃ generations was significantly higher than that of Ili horses(P<0.01).In summary,it can be seen that purebred horses have a significant effect on crossbreeding and improving Ili horses as the male parent.The hybrid offspring have better body size development and body structure than Ili horses.Using Ili horses as the female parent has the potential to cultivate a new type of speed type Ili horses.