断奶应激对犊牛的影响及防控策略

The Impact of Weaning Stress on Calves and Prevention and Control Strategies

摘要:

犊牛断奶应激是指犊牛在断奶时，从液态母乳转变为固态饲料的过程，对犊牛的消化系统造成较大的应激反应。这种应激反应会影响到犊牛的健康和生产性能，可能会导致犊牛出现生长发育受阻，采食量减少，生长速度缓慢，瘤胃机能发生障碍，免疫机能受到影响，以及对犊牛的内分泌系统产生不良的反应等症状。犊牛在处于断奶应激下，也易感其他疾病，犊牛的健康水平会降低。相关研究表明，犊牛在进入育肥环境后，有17%的犊牛会出现呼吸系统疾病的迹象，而减少犊牛早期阶段应激反应的发生可降低育肥阶段呼吸系统疾病的发病率。因此，在养殖过程中，应该采取合理的措施来缓解犊牛断奶应激，以提高犊牛的健康水平和生产性能。本文旨在讨论犊牛断奶应激对疾病发生和传播的影响，并针对此问题提出有效的防控策略。通过实施这些防控策略，可有效降低断奶应激对犊牛的影响，并减少相关疾病的发生和传播。

Abstract:

Weaning stress in calves refers to the process of transitioning from liquid breast milk to solid feed during weaning, which causes significant stress on the digestive system of calves. This stress reaction can affect the health and production performance of calves, which may lead to impaired growth and development, reduced feed intake, slow growth rate, dysfunction of the rumen, impaired immune function, and adverse reactions to the endocrine system of calves. Cows under weaning stress are also susceptible to other diseases, and their health level will be decreased. Relevant research shows that 17% of calves will show signs of respiratory diseases after entering the fattening environment, and reducing the occurrence of stress reaction in the early stage of calves can reduce the incidence rate of respiratory diseases in the fattening stage. Therefore, in the process of breeding, reasonable measures should be taken to alleviate the weaning stress of calves to improve their health level and production performance. This article aims to discuss the impact of weaning stress on the occurrence and spread of diseases in calves, and propose effective prevention and control strategies for this issue. By implementing these prevention and control strategies, the impact of weaning stress on calves can be effectively reduced, and the occurrence and spread of related diseases can be reduced.