欧拉羊种用母羊18月龄前阶段性培育试验

Under Different Feeding Methods Phased Breeding Experiment of Euler Breeding Ewe Before 18 Months of Age

摘要:

对2组60只体况相近的初生欧拉羊母羔羊采取不同方式培育，通过对饲养18月龄以来体重、体尺等主要表型性状的指标分析。结果表明：试验组羔羊初生到18月龄生长发育呈持续增长态势。断奶、6月龄、12月龄、18月龄体重比对照组分别提高5.15 kg、5.58 kg、6.31 kg、6.86 kg，差异极显著(P<0.01)。平均体高较对照组分别提高2.15 cm、2.24 cm、2.16 cm、2.37 cm，差异极显著(P<0.01)。平均体长较对照组分别提高2.68 cm、3.17 cm、3.41 cm、4.16 cm,差异极显著(P<0.01);平均胸围较对照组分别提高1.63 cm、2.72 cm，3.78 cm、4.43 cm，除断奶平均胸围指标差异显著(P<0.05)外，6月龄、12月龄和18月龄差异均极显著(P<0.01)。胸深、胸宽两项指标分别较对照组提高1.12 cm、1.27 cm、1.35 cm、1.29 cm，1.84 cm、1.60 cm、1.10 cm、1.89 cm，差异显著（P<0.05）。日增重、断奶成活率、周岁成活率均比对照组高，差异极显著(P<0.01)。试验组羊主要生产性能达到《欧拉羊》DB62/T490品种标准中特、一级羊水平，种用价值高，培育效果显著，对照组羊主要生产性能只达到3级羊标准，不能选留为种用。因此，“放牧+有效补饲”培育是高寒牧区藏羊资源优化利用较合理的方式。

Abstract:

In this study, two groups of 60 neonatal Euler ewe lambs with similar initial body conditions were subjected to different rearing methods. And the primary phenotypic traits, including 18-month body weight and body dimensions were analyzed and compared. The results indicate that the experimental group exhibited continuous growth from birth to 18 months of age. Compared to the control group, at weaning, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months of age, the experimental group displayed significant increases in body weight, with the highly statistically significant differences (P<0.01) of 5.15 kg, 5.58 kg, 6.31 kg, and 6.86 kg, respectively. The average body height and length increased by 15 cm, 2.24 cm, 2.16 cm, 2.37 cm and 2.68 cm, 3.17 cm, 3.41 cm, 4.16 cm, respectively, both with the highly significant differences (P<0.01). The average chest circumference increased by 1.63 cm, 2.72 cm, 3.78 cm, and 4.43 cm, except at weaning where the difference was significant (P<0.05), and highly significant(P<0.01) at 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months of age. Chest depth and chest width indicators also showed significant increase, with differences (P<0.05) of 1.12 cm, 1.27 cm, 1.35 cm, 1.29 cm, and 1.84 cm, 1.60 cm, 1.10 cm, 1.89 cm, respectively. Additionally, daily weight gain, weaning survival rate, and oneyear survival rate were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group, with highly statistically differences (P<0.01). The production performance of the experimental group met the standards of the " Euler Sheep" DB62/T490 breed for specialclass and firstclass sheep, with high breeding value and significant breeding effects, while the control group only reached the thirdclass sheep of that. And such difference suggesting that the "grazing & timely supplementary feeding" rearing approach is a more rational method for the production of Tibetan breeding sheep in highaltitude pastoral areas.