不同施肥方式对饲用玉米产量及品质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Yield and Quality of Forage Maize

摘要:

本试验旨研究不同施肥方式对饲草产量及品质的影响。试验共设化肥、有机肥和有机无机配方肥3个处理，各处理按等N量324 kg/hm²等量折算化肥、有机肥和有机无机配方肥，生长期采用滴灌方式进行灌溉。研究结果表明，施用有机无机配方肥株高（3.08 m），较施用化肥差异不显著（P＞0.05），较施用有机肥差异显著（P＜0.05）；施用有机无机配方肥单株重（1.52 kg），鲜草产量（84.53 t/hm²）和干草产量（32.01 t/hm²）均为最高，显著高于施用化肥和有机肥（P＜0.05）；施用有机无机配方肥DM（37.87%）、Starch（38.47%）含量最高，较施用化肥差异不显著（P＞0.05），较施用有机肥差异显著（P＜0.05）。施用有机无机配方肥饲草NDF（33.90%）和ADF（20.90%）含量最低，较施用化肥和有机肥差异显著（P＜0.05）。综上所述，在干旱半干旱地区滴灌种植饲用玉米，施用有机无机配方肥可以提高饲草产量和品质，适宜在当地或者同类地区推广应用。

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization methods on forage yield and quality. Three treatments of chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer and organicinorganic formula fertilizer were set up in the experiment. Each treatment was converted into chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer and organicinorganic formula fertilizer according to the equal amount of 324 t/hm² of equal N, drip irrigation was used in growing period. The results showed that there was no significant difference in plant height (3.08 m) between applying organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer (P>0.05), but there was significant difference in plant height (1.52 kg) between applying organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer (P<0.05), the fresh grass yield (84.53 t/hm²) and hay yield (32.01 t/hm²) were the highest, which were significantly higher than that of applying chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer (P<0.05), and the contents of DM (37.87%) and Starch (38.47%) were the highest, there was no significant difference between applying chemical fertilizer (P>0.05) and applying organic fertilizer (P<0.05). The content of NDF (33.90%) and ADF (20.90%) in forage grass with organic and inorganic fertilizer was the lowest, which was significantly different from that with chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer (P<0.05). In conclusion, the application of organic and inorganic fertilizer can improve the yield and quality of forage maize in arid and semiarid area.