澳洲白、萨福克、杜泊羊与湖羊杂交试验研究

Study on Crossbreeding of Australian White, Suffolk, Dorper and Lake sheepHe-Jun1, LI Xuezhao1, Chen Litao1, Dong Weisheng2, Yang Hongmei1, He Zhiyang3

摘要:

对澳洲白、萨福克、杜泊羊与湖羊进行不同杂交，并对不同杂交组合的生长性能和屠宰性能进行了测定。结果显示:（1）澳×湖、杜×湖、萨×湖、澳×杜×湖、萨×杜×湖F1代初生重较湖羊重，差异显著（P?0.05），1月龄重、3月龄体重较湖羊差异极显著（P?0.01），6月龄重澳×湖、杜×湖、澳×杜×湖、萨×杜×湖F1代与湖羊组差异极显著（P?0.01），萨×湖组与湖羊组差异显著（P?0.05）。（2）澳×湖、杜×湖、澳×杜×湖、萨×杜×湖组合与湖羊组、萨×湖组宰前重、胴体重、净肉重3个指标差异极显著（P?0.01），萨×湖、湖羊组相比差异显著（P?0.05）；5个杂交组合与湖羊组屠宰率差异显著（P?0.05），净肉率、肉骨比差异极显著（P?0.01），眼肌面积差异极显著（P?0.01）。（3）澳×湖、澳×杜×湖、萨×杜×湖与湖羊组大理石花纹差异显著（P＜0.05）；澳×杜×湖、萨×杜×湖失水率均显著低于其他各组(P＜0.05)，熟肉率均显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05)，说明三元杂种羊肉的系水性较好，保鲜能力较强。研究认为:用澳洲白公羊、杜泊公羊、萨福克公羊与湖羊进行杂交试验效果明显，可在类似生态条件区域大力推广。

Abstract:

The growth performance and slaughter performance of Australian white, Suffolk, Dolper and lake sheep were measured by different crosscrosses.The results show that: (1)The birth weight of F1 generation in Australian white × lake sheep, Dolper× lake sheep, Suffolk × lake sheep, Australian white × Dolper × lake sheep and Suffolk × Dolper × lake sheep groups was significantly higher than that of lake sheep group (P?0.05), the weight of F1 generation at 1 month old and 3 month old was significantly higher than that of lake sheep group (P?0.01), and the F1 generation weight at 6 months old Australian white × lake sheep, Dolper× lake sheep,Australian white × Dolper × lake sheep,Suffolk × Dolper × lake sheep compared with Lake sheep groups shows significantly different (P?0.01). There was significant difference between Suffolk × lake sheep group and lake sheep group (P?0.05).(2)There were significant differences in premortem weight, carcass weight and net meat weight between Australian white × lake sheep, Dolper× lake sheep, Australian white × Dolper × lake sheep and Suffolk × Dolper × lake sheep combination and lake sheep and Suffolk × lake sheep group (P?0.01), while there were significant differences between Suffolk × lake sheep and lake sheep group and lake sheep group (P?0.05). There were significant differences in slaughter rate, net meat rate, meat to bone ratio and eye muscle area between the five hybrid combinations and lake sheep group (P?0.05), extremely significant differences in net meat rate and meat to bone ratio (P?0.01) and extremely significant differences in eye muscle area (P?0.01).(3)The marbling of Australian white × lake sheep,Australian white × Dolper × lake sheep ,Suffolk × Dolper × lake sheep and lake sheep groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). The water loss rate of Australian white × Dolper × lake sheep and Suffolk × Dolper × lake sheep was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P < 0.05), and the cooked meat rate was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P < 0.05), indicating that the three-part hybrid mutton had better water system and stronger preservation ability. The results of crossbreeding experiments with Australian white ram, Duper ram, Suffolk ram and lake sheep are obvious, and can be vigorously promoted in similar ecological conditions.