隐孢子虫病的流行现状

Epidemic Status of Cryptosporidiosis

摘要:

隐孢子虫病是由隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidium）寄生于人类、家养动物及多种野生动物胃肠道引起的一种严重的人畜共患胃肠疾病。该病不但威胁人类健康，亦严重影响畜牧业发展。近年来随着研究的深入，隐孢子虫的流行表现出许多新的特点，危害远远超出了人们的估计。这些特点主要表现在：感染家畜，增加人类感染风险；与动物其他病原混合感染危害加重；感染野生动物，具有自然疫源性；感染海洋和水生动物，造成水体污染；经水源和食物传播引起人类群体感染；暴发感染对人群危害严重。深入开展隐孢子虫病流行病及防控研究对提高公共卫生水平具有重要意义。

Abstract:

Cryptosporidiosis is a serious zoonotic gastrointestinal disease caused by Cryptosporidium parasites on the gastrointestinal tract of humans, domestic animals, and a variety of wild animals. Cryptosporidium not only threatens human health but also seriously affects the development of animal husbandry. In recent years, with the deepening of research, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium has shown many new characteristics, and the harm has far exceeded people's estimates. These characteristics are mainly manifested in: infecting livestock, and increasing the risk of human infection. Mixed infection with other animal pathogens aggravates the harm; Infecting wild animals with a natural epidemic focus. Infection with marine and aquatic animals causes water pollution. Human group infection is caused by water and food transmission. The outbreak of infection is serious to the population. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out indepth research on the epidemic and prevention and control of Cryptosporidium to improve the level of public health.