2022年贵州惠水县猪瘟和猪口蹄疫免疫抗体监测及分析

Surveillance and Analysis of Immune Antibodies Against Swine Fever and Footandmouth Disease in Huishui County, Guizhou Province in 2022

摘要:

为了解惠水县猪瘟(CSF)和猪口蹄疫(FMD)免疫抗体情况，预判其流行趋势和评估其发生风险，试验采用ELISA检测方法，2022年累计检测惠水县养猪场（户）CSF样品2099份，猪Ｏ型口蹄疫（FMDO）样品1797份，结果表明：（1）CSF免疫抗体总体合格率为90.14%，规模猪场合格率为93.11%，散养户为84.60%，规模猪场合格数比率为97.87%，散养户的合格数比率为75.26%；（2）FMDO免疫抗体总体合格率为91.96%，规模猪场的合格率为96.72%，散养户为81.13%，规模猪场合格数比率为95.83%，散养户的合格数比率为67.50%。结论，惠水县CSF和FMD免疫抗体总体合格，散养户的免疫合格率和合格数比率极显著远低于规模场（P<0.01），发生疫情的风险较高。惠水县动物疫病防控部门应加强散养户CSF和FMD监测预警，有针对性地提高散养户CSF和FMD疫病防控意识和水平。

Abstract:

This study aims to understand the immune antibodies of swine fever (CSF) and footandmouth disease (FMD) in Huishui County, predict their epidemic trends and assess their occurrence risks. This experiment used the ELISA detection method to detect a total of 2,099 CSF samples from pig farms (households) in Huishui County in 2022, and 1,797 swine footandmouth disease type O (FMDO) samples. Results: (1) The overall qualified rate of CSF immune antibodies was 90.14%, the qualified rate of largescale pig farms was 93.11%, the qualified rate of freerange households was 84.60%, the qualified rate of largescale pig farms was 97.87%, and the qualified rate of freerange households was 75.26 %; (2) The overall pass rate of FMDO immune antibodies is 91.96%, the pass rate of largescale pig farms is 96.72%, the pass rate of freerange pig farms is 81.13%, the qualified rate of largescale pig farms is 95.83%, and the pass rate of freerange pig farms is 95.83%. The ratio is 67.50%. Conclusion: The CSF and FMD immune antibodies in Huishui County are generally qualified. The immunity qualification rate and qualified number ratio of freerange households are extremely significantly lower than those of largescale farms (P< 0.01), and the risk of epidemics is higher. The animal disease prevention and control department in Huishui County should strengthen the monitoring and early warning of CSF and FMD in freerange households, and improve the awareness and level of CSF and FMD disease prevention and control in freerange households in a targeted manner.