欧拉型藏羊杂交培育结果及其对比分析

Crossbreeding Results and Comparative Analysis of Euler Type Tibetan Sheep

摘要:

为推广优良品种在高寒牧区成为优势种，我们选纯种欧拉型藏羊为父本，青海藏羊和小尾寒羊为母本，经A、B、C三组杂交、培育和试验结果表明：杂种羔羊出生重：A组为4.3 kg，B组为3.7 kg，C组为4.4 kg，对照组分别0.8、0.7和1.2 kg，A、B、C三组初生重与对照组间差异极显著（P＜0.01），C组初生重最大；12月龄杂种羊的胴体重与对照组比，欧x寒藏组提高率达109%，欧x寒组提高率为88%，欧x藏组提高率为60%，与对照组比较均差异极显著（P＜0.01）；欧拉杂一代成年公羊体重比青海藏羊高9.5%、母羊高7.2%；比小尾寒羊公体重高4.2%、母羊高5.8%；肉质中高能量、高蛋白、低脂肪和低胆固醇等特性数值仍在上升，且氨基酸含量更为丰富。

Abstract:

In this study, in order to promote fine breeds to become dominant species in alpine pastoral areas, purebred Euler Tibetan sheep were selected as male parents, Qinghai Tibetan sheep and Smalltailed Han sheep were used as female parents, and three groups of A, B and C were crossed and bred. The test results showed that the birth weight of hybrid lambs was 4.3 kg in group A, 3.7 kg in group B, 4.4 kg in group C, and 0.8, 0.7 and 1.2 kg in the control group, respectively. The birth weights of A, B and C were significantly different from those of the control group (P< 0.01). Among them, group C had the largest birth weight. Compared with the control group, the carcass weight of the 12-month-old hybrid sheep increased by 109% in the Euler type Tibetan sheep and Qinghai Tibetan sheep hybrid group, and 88% in the Euler type Tibetan sheep and Smalltailed Han sheep hybrid group. The improvement rate of hybrid Tibetan sheep and Qinghai Tibetan sheep was 60%, which was significantly different from that of the control group (P< 0.01). The body weight of adult rams of Eulertype Tibetan hybrids is 9.5% higher than that of Qinghai Tibetan sheep, 7.2% higher than that of ewes, and 4.2% higher than that of smalltailed Han sheep, and 5.8% higher than that of ewes. The highenergy, highprotein, lowfat and lowcholesterol characteristics of its meat quality are still rising, and the amino acid content is more abundant.