酶联免疫吸附试验检测狂犬病抗体的实际应用探讨

Exploration on Detecting Antibody Against Rabies by ELISA

摘要:

为探讨酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法检测狂犬病免疫抗体水平的应用价值，检测了深圳市10个行政区的290份犬血清，以荧光抗体病毒中和试验（FAVN）法作为金标准，分析检测结果的一致性、符合率及定量检测有效性等指标。结果显示：Kappa值为0.545，一致性评价为中度一致；总符合率为87.59%，中和效价0.51~ 2.00 IU/mL的样品出现假阴性的概率较大；相同中和效价的样品S/CO值呈多区间分布现象。建议在基层应用于免疫效果评价的实际检测时，ELISA方法可用于定性检测的初步筛查，不建议用作定量检测的方法。

Abstract:

This study is to explore the application value of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in detecting the level of rabies immune antibody. We tested 290 canine sera from 10 administrative districts of Shenzhen. We use the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization test (FAVN) method as the gold standard to analyze the consistency, coincidence rate and quantitative detection effectiveness of the test results and other indicators. The results showed that the Kappa value was 0.545, and the consistency evaluation was moderately consistent. The total coincidence rate was 87.59%, and samples with a neutralizing titer of 0.512.00IU/mL had a higher probability of false negatives. In addition, the S/CO values of samples with the same neutralization titer showed a multiinterval distribution phenomenon. Therefore, this study suggests that the ELISA method can be used for preliminary screening of qualitative detection when it is applied to the actual detection of immune effect evaluation at the grassroots level, and it is not recommended to be used as a quantitative detection method.